The Intellectual Origins of the European Reformation

            McGrath’s expansive volume delves into an extensive field of the historiological analysis of the intellectual origins of the Reformation with an antidote of the contribution of the scholastic and the humanist movements. Written from the perspective of a reflective debate, the author presents four critical thematic tropes in the book, which capture the Reformation as a critical development and historical epoch^[1]. McGrath delves into the precedents of the Reformation in the medieval era, the contribution of renaissance perspectives, the anomalies persistently found in the reformation scholasticism and the influence of theological schisms of the late medieval period on the Reformation. Ideological developments are hard to pin down to single events or episodes. Therefore, McGrath asserts a great deal of effort in demonstrating the causes of the Reformation as an evolutionary process. In essence, McGrath indicates that the formation was the natural culmination of creative efforts, local and cosmopolitan interactions, academic and social forces working seamlessly to challenge the institutionalized theological development of society as a whole. 

Introduction to the Pathology 

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an illness that affects the lungs of newborns. The disease has higher prevalence rates in premature newborns. BPD affects how the breathing of newborns, making them require oxygen therapy. The oxygen is given through a breathing tube, a mask, and nasal prongs (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, n.d.). Proper gas exchange occurs when there is an increased lung surface area with an expanded number of blood vessels, an increased number of alveoli, and a thin alveolar-capillary barrier. The surface area of the lung increases at the later stages of lung development. These are the saccular and alveolar stages. This stage of lung development is interrupted in patients with BPD. This then leads to an ineffective respiratory system that cannot achieve gas exchange. Respiratory support is therefore needed to enable gas exchange. Advances in neonatal and perinatal care of preterm infants have changed the pathology of BPD. Treatments such as gentle ventilation, postnatal surfactant, and antenatal steroids have changed how BPD affects infants. The classic pathology of BPD was characterized by hypertensive remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, extensive alveolar septal fibrosis marked airway smooth muscle hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia. The new pathology is characterized by mild airway smooth muscle thickening, reduced dysmorphic vascular bed with rare epithelial lesions, and a simplified alveolar structure (Thekkeveedu, Guaman & Shivanna, 2017). 

Introduction

I. Part 1

The Yellow Wallpaper is a brief narrative authored by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The story was published in the year 1892. The writing is appraised for its demonstration of feminism and attributes of the women’s psychological and physical state of health during the 19th century (Subotsky 195). The author incorporated the duties women had during the 19th century and furthered on challenges such as the absence of another life apart from home and the energy of oppression from the community. This short story allowed other authors to follow the techniques incorporated and come up with their literature.

Part 1

I. Rewriting the narrative into a realistic narrative

A typical shift for police officers involves patrolling the streets, reacting to calls for service and crime reports, stopping and searching citizens, pursuing and arresting suspects. It is a Sunday night shift, John and David from the Union City Police Department are performing their patrol duties, and not much is going on (Van Maanen, 1988). By midnight, it gets so quiet that they decide to go to David’s place for a while just to get out of the car.

Organizational behavior encompasses the analysis of individual performance within an institution and also assess the impact and influence of a group within the organization. The company that will be scoped in this case is Wells Fargo. The company has notably been having ups and down within the past years, and a look at it through the systemic analysis of organizational behavior as an assessment tool will be able to provide a practical outlook of what is happening and the recommendations available to counter any negative realization.  The organizational behavior report will be able to thoroughly assist in the actualization of the business process within the company and be able to ensure that the human resource is effectively accommodated to ensure maximum returns are achieved through company operation. This report will start the analysis through assessment of notable and glaring organizational behavior issues that are certainly out in the public eye.

Communication Science Review of Literature 

Introduction

The starter article is Predictors of supportive message expression and reception in an interactive cancer communication system by Kim et al. (2011), and the second article is # Stupidcancer: Exploring a typology of social support and the role of emotional expression in a social media community by Myrick, Holton, Himelboim & Love (2016).

The topic addressed in the two articles is the use of communication technology to mediate communication between cancer patients in order for them to cope or share their experiences. The first article focuses on the predictors for the expression and reception of supportive messages (Kim et al., 2011). The second article focuses on the typology of social support as well as the role that emotional expression plays in the cancer group in a social media application (Myrick et al., 2016). The topic investigated by the two articles is significant due to the development and increased usage of internet-based technology.  Internet-based technology has moved to play a significant role in coping and social support for patients with chronic illnesses (Kim et al., 2011). Many people are using digital communication networks since they provide convenience. Before the growth of the internet, social support groups for cancer were face-to-face, and in some cases, people were not able to attend the meetings (Myrick et al., 2016). The possible benefits of investigating the topic include identifying ways to improve social support individuals with cancer give or receive. Having a proper understanding of the factors that influence social media’s social support or internet technology will enable healthcare workers and communication personnel to utilize and enhance coping through internet-based technology (Kim et al., 2011). The topic is also significant since it enables researchers to learn about the specific messages exchanged to enable coping among cancer patients (Myrick et al., 2016). 

Mini-Analysis #1: “Hamilton” and Narrative Criticism

The play “Hamilton” is a Broadway depiction of the story of early America, told in relevance to today’s current outlook of America. “Hamilton” features is an exciting musical that features a blend of today’s music, incorporating jazz, hip-hop, R&B, and show tunes, which are employed expertly to speak on the current issues and perspective of society as is today, based on the past of America’s founding father, Alexander Hamilton. For instance, the song (“Right Hand Man”) depicts Alexander Hamilton’s decision to accept a political position as an aide-de-camp for George Washington (Miranda, Lacamoire & Chernow, 2016, Act I). Interestingly, “Hamilton” captures the story of the founding father Alexander Hamilton to create a musical that reflects the issues of culture, politics, and education in American society (Delman, 2016). To assist in understanding “Hamilton,” the analysis will employ narrative criticism to explore the critical subject areas involved in the play. As Loof (2015) points out, narrative criticism is a form of literary analysis used in identifying the stories told by the speaker or author, which aid in comprehending the connotations held in actions and experiences. 

Demographic profile of the respondents

Gender and work engagement 

The results of this study show that males mostly populate Nigeria’s banking industry. This result is consistent with other studies’ findings, which show that gender is among the drivers of employee engagement (Tshilongamulenzhe & Takawira, 2015, p.110). Work engagement is assumed implicitly to be neutral, and this gender neutrality indicates that variations in work engagement are down to individual differences. In this context, gender differences are viewed as the social differences between men and women instead of just sex/biological differences (Tshilongamulenzhe & Takawira, 2015, p.110). It derives its meaning from an institutionalized system of social practice rather than an individual property. Like other systems of differences such as race and class, gender reinforces aspects such as resource distribution in hierarchical structures, societies, work practices in organizations, task allocation in families, patterns of interaction between people, and the identities people enact as individuals (Tshilongamulenzhe & Takawira, 2015, p.111).